Avijja (Avidya)
Ignorance, lack of wisdom, which is the root of all evils. Obscuration as to self of persons and self of phenomena.

Ayatana (Shadayatana)
Six bases, Six sense organs/spheres, Eye, ear, nose, tongue, touch and mental faculty.

Bhava (Bjava)
Process of becoming, Existence, A period lasting from the time of fully potentialised karma up to the beginning of next lifetime.

Jara-marana (Jaramaranam)
Ageing & Death, Decay & Death

Jati
Rebirth

Nama-rupa
4 mental aggregates and one physical body.Name & form, Corporeality & mentality, Mental & physical existence.

Nirvana
"unbound' as in "Mind like fire unbound".

Pali
Pali is the language of the Theravada canonical texts.

Phassa (Sparsha)
Sense impression , A mental factor and period in which the objects, sense power/organ and consciousness come together, causing one to distinguish an object as pleasurable, painful or neutral.

Samma
'proper', 'whole', 'thorough', 'integral', 'complete', and 'perfect' - related to English 'summit'.  It does not necessarily mean 'right', as opposed to 'wrong'. However it is often translated as "right"

Sankhara (Samskara)
Karma formations, Compositional action, Wholesome or unwholesome thoughts, speech and bodily deeds.

Satipatthana

• Sati = mindfulness, awareness of what is occurring
• patthana = that which plunges into and penetrates continuously, again and again

is the type of mindfulness that penetrates repeatedly into the body, feelings, mind, and dhammas, and sees the actual reality that is occurring.

This is in contrast to the normal unmindful state in which the mind bounces or skips over these phenomena. "The four satipatthanas" might therefore be translated as the "four steadfast mindful-nesses".

Tanha (Trishna)
Craving , Attachment, A mental factor that increases desire but without any satisfaction.

Upadana
Clinging, Grasping , A stronger degree of desire. 4 basic varieties: desired objects, views of self, bad system of ethics and conduct; and other bad views.

Vedana
Feeling, Sensation, Posited as a mental factor that experiences pleasure, pain and neutral feeling. Pleasure leads to a strong desire for more while pain generates an avoidance desire.

Vinnana (Vijnana)
 Consciousness, Normally 6 consciousness but is taken as 8 in the Yogacara School.