BOOK REVIEW CHAPTERS 1- 20
MICROSOFT EXCHANGE SERVER
Chapter 1:
Introduction to Exchange Server
Secure/MIME Message Signing and Sealing
MAPPI Outlook uses MAP to communicate with the Exchange Server.
SMTP Used for Exchange server-to-server protocol.
RPC (Remote Procedure Calls). Transfers function calls between
Client and the server.
ADC Connector, like in the classroom we need to use connector
to communicate with the 4 quadrants in the room.
SRS Replicator Service.
Exchange
Internet-based Messaging Standards:
· POP3
· IMAP4
· HTTP
· NNTP (network news transport protocol)
Chapter 2:
Integration with Microsoft Windows 2000
Registry snap-in.
DSProxy Ensures client and server get the information from the
Global Catalog. DSPROXY.DLL.
MAPI-based Clients Such as Outlook 2000, depend on synchronous RPSs.
WIN Sockets SMTP uses Secure Sockets.
Chapter 3:
Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server Architecture
Essential
Components for Exchange 2000 Server: (17)
STORE.EXE The Executable file for the Information Store.
Information
Store There are
two components:
1. Public Store. Maintains information stored in public folders.
2. Mailbox Store. Maintains all messages sent to an individual or a
selected group of addresses in private folders.
System
Attendant (SA)
The Information Store depends on the System Attendant (SA),
Which is likewise implemented as a Windows 2000 service.
MAD.EXE The executable file for the System Attendant (SA).
EMSSTART.BAT Good utility for Exchange 2000 Server Startup.
Under these service depend on “IIS admin Service”, you will see a
Listing of other services that cannot be run without first starting IIS
And they are:
· IMAP4
· NNTP service
· POP3 service
· Exchange Routing Engine
· SMTP service
· Web Publishing service.
Socket – is made up of IP address and port number.
They rely on lightweight remote procedure calls (LRPCs) and simultaneously support Windows Sockets.
That reads configuration data from Active Directory to transfer it
into the local IIS metabase. The data is transferred only one way.
METABAS.BIN.
MTA Is a real X.400 system that conforms to the 1984 and 1988 CCITT
X.400 standards.
IRC The protocol that supports chat services.
LRPC Lightweight remote protocols used by Exchange 2000 and supports
Windows Sockets.
SA System Attendant, must work or all fails in Exchange 2000. It
Performs regular maintenance tasks, monitors services, and messaging
Connectors, also handles defragmentation routines of the Information Store,
Which is another essential Exchange Service.
KMS An SA service performs tasks in the background.
CHAPTER 4:
EXCHANGE 2000 INSTALLATION
To install You must be a member of:
· Domain Admins
·
· Schema Admins
DO NOT ADD SERVICE PACK 2 OR PATCH FOR EXCHANGE
2000, DOES NOT WORK!!!!!!!!!
Critical Services for
Exchange:
1. System
Attendant
2. MTA
Store
3. Information
Store
Start these services in Services.msc snap-in in the above order, if they
have failed.
Exchange
2000 Boundaries:
Take into consideration when planning your Exchange 2000
Infrastructure.
· Namespace
· Administrative group
· Routing groups.
Hardware
Requirements:
· 128 –256 RAM
· 2GB
· 500MB on the system drive
· CD-ROM drive
· 300MHz
· Paging file set to twice the amount of RAM or larger
· VGA-compatible display adapter.
Set-up 1. Setup /ForestPrep
1. Setup /DomainPrep
2. Install Exchange Server
3. Outlook
FE/BE Front end Back end servers
CHAPTER 5:
INSTALLING MICROSOFT EXCHANGE 2000 SERVER
/ForestPrep Set-up is only done on the Main Server.
Setup Option There are three different installation methods:
1. Custom
2. Minimum
3. Typical
· NT 3.51 can upgrade directly up to Windows 2000
· NT 4.0 SP5 then upgrade to 5.5
· NT 3.51 to NT 4, 5.5 and service pack 3
In-Place Upgrade If running Exchange Server NT 4.0 you will need the Service
Pack 1.
LDAP Default site, port = 389
Names Maximum 255 characters, but 64 should be the maximum.
Languages Exchange can be installed on up to 6 different languages:
· English
· French
· Italian
· Spanish
· Japanease
· German
SETUP.EXE Runs the Microsoft Exchange Server. Launches Setup in
creates and Unattended mode, make your selection, and setup
program will generate the file for you.
RPC “Remote Procedure Call”. You can use RPCPing utility
to test the RPC communications between computers.
If RPCPing works fine, the Exchange System manager
will work as well.
MAPI32.DLL The Microsoft Outlook MAPI file “Message Application
Protocol Interface”.
If in native mode, you can add the “Universal” group of the
Domain Local and Global Groups.
Regedit Edits the Registry
HKEY_CURRENT_USERS (ShowSecurityPage Registry key)
File Location Default location for Exchange 2000 files is:
C:\Program Files\Exchsrv
Share Points Restrict access to shared points for added security. For example,
there are several files that are in common areas. The following
are areas you would want to hide from the average user:
TCP Ports Uses:
· TCP/IP
· DNS
· SMTP
· NNTP
· IMAP4
· POP3
· HTTP
· LDAP
· SSL
· Kerberos
Chapter 6:
Backward Compatibility
1. Preparation. MS 2000 Service Pack 1, and Exchange Server 5.5 Service Pack 3.
2. Upgrade. Install Exchange 2000 Server
3. Cleanup. Delete Exchange objects from Active Directory, switch to
native mode, remove duplicate user accounts that might have been created during the migration.
Upgraded
Procedure:
1. Upgrade PDC first
2. Reduce the number of domains. Will make your like easier. Even shrink back to
3. 1 domain. Difficult to cross domains, one “domain” is easier, to upgrade.
ADC Active Directory Connector is used to populate and synchronize
User accounts with mailbox information.
To ensure a common global address list for all users, whether
they still reside on Exchange Server 5.5 or are migrated to Exchange
2000 Server, you need to Synchronize the directories with each other.
According to the default configuration, the ADC creates disabled
Windows 2000 accounts for all Exchange 2000 Server 5.5 mailboxes
that do not have the matching Active Directory object.
PDC To avoid install of separate Windows 2000 domains, consider
Upgrading the PDCs in your domain environment directly.
SID A SID is the value that uniquely identifies the user account and is
Used by Windows 2000 to determine access permissions.
Though the old SID is preserved in SIDHistory attribute, the
Windows 2000 user can access all network resources available
To the source account and provided that trusts exist between
The Windows NT domains and the clone’s Active Directory
Domain.
When upgrading PDC or BDC run Exchange 5.5, you need to
Change the LDAP port number for the Exchange Directory
Service to port 389.
Upgrade the PDC first and then the computers running Exchange
Server 5.5 one at a time.
· The computer was upgraded to Windows 2000 Server SP1 and is part of the
Active Directory domain.
· IIS, SMTP + NNTP
· Server Hardware must meet HCL
· You are running Exchange Server 5.5 Service Pack 3
· You have the required permissions.
Leap-Frog Upgrade Resuse old Hardware and move the new files to it.
KMS Maintains the key history for those users for whom it issued
Certificates.
PROFS Professional Office System Connector. A type of Connector.
NOTE: You must administer Exchange Server 5.5 using the Exchange
Administrator program and Exchange 2000 Server using the
Exchange System snap-in and other Microsoft Management
Console (MMC) snap-ins.
Users Exchange Server 5-10,000 users/server.
KCC Knowledge Consistency Checker.
SKCC Super Knowledge Consistency Checker, can map out, can tell
Routes are wrong. It is dynamic. Has new features of the KCC.
Exchange Server randomly resets the Password every 7 days,
You should not use the Administrator Account to do maintenance
on the Exchange Server.
.asp If you have customized the .asp pages of OWA (Outlook Web
Access) to implement your own Web-based messaging solution,
this solution will not work with Exchange 2000 server, because
OWA in Exchange 2000 Server has been entirely redesigned.
NOTE: It is not possible to perform cleanups or merge operations
across multiple Active Directory forests.
Mailboxes Change mailboxes, in “Active Directory Users and Computer”.
Quicker synchronization. Do not do in Exchange too slow and
Problems.
Chapter 7:
Clustering Environment
Clustering Basically clustering is a group of server that appear as a single
Virtual server. A virtual Server corresponds to generic IP
address and a network name, and allows your users to access all
the resources in the cluster, including the Exchange 2000 Services,
without having to know the names of the individual nodes.
MAIN REASON: Fault Tolerance
Minimize the down time, cause by software, network and Hardware
Failures.
NODES A location of the tree that can have links to one or more child
objects. In computer network, a device that connects to the
network to communicate with other systems.
· Shared storage Bus. Connects all nodes to the disks where all clustered data must reside.
· Public Network Connection. Uses FDDI NIC cards and Fast Ethernet.
· Private network Connect. Ensures that the node will be able to communicate if the LAN is down.
Quorum Disk Holds the configuration data log files.
Translates the configuration changes into the configuration
Database of each node.
Maintains the cluster configuration databases.
Check Manager Saves the configuration data in a log file on the “quorum disk”.
Log Manager Is internal, and holds recovery logs for the quorum disk.
Cluster Service Set to automatic at Startup.
Sponsor An active Cluster node that can authenticate the local service.
Event Processor Internal, manages node state information and controls
Initialization of the Cluster Service.
Node Manager Internal, maintains the list of nodes that belong to the cluster
And monitors their system state.
Load Balancing Allows you to run similar services on multiple nodes, thus
Making better use of the available hardware.
Failover Can be triggered manually for maintenance or the Cluster
Service initiates it automatically.
[Exch/SQL Server/Web server]
Failback The process on moving the failed resource group back to the
Highest available node in the cluster.
Drive M: The drive created by Exchange.
A direct update of the Exchange Server 5.5 cluster to Exchange
2000 Server is not possible.
Chapter 8:
Outlook 2000 Deployment
Outlook
Requirements:
· 8MB RAM
· Intel processor
· Microsoft 95/98, NT & 2000
· 160MB disk space
SETUP.EXE Files for the installation of Outlook.
Custom Install Use Setup.INF file.
/Q command-line parameter is the basis for installing
Outlook on numerous workstations automatically.
SMS Microsoft System Management Server package uses
Package
files .pdf.
The exchange transport service is implemented in three DLLs
Called:
1. EMSABP32.DLL
2. EMSMDB32.DLL
3. EMSUI32.DLL
· Granting Access Permissions
· Granting Permissions to Add folders
· Opening another users’ folders
· Granting send on behalf of permissions
· Administrative Permission Assignment
· Send on Behalf of Only
· Suppressing Send of Behalf of information
Chapter 9:
MAPI-Based Clients
MAPI-basedExchange client is a messaging application that communicates with
Exchange 2000 Server through MAPI on the Exchange transport,
which in turn relies on RPCs to carry out the communication.
NOTE: Outlook 200 is not available in Windows 3.x or Windows
for Workgroup, or you will have to deploy previous versions of Outlook
if you cannot use Terminal Services to provide your users with access
to the latest client over the network.
MAPI MAPI is only the specific and not a messaging system in and to itself.
The client-side is also referred to the client interface and the system-side
specification is known as the service provider interface.
· The client can run MAPI against multiple messaging system.
· MAPI is built into Windows.
· MAPI provides separation to messaging backbone and clients.
· MAPI is a vendor-independent API.
An address book maintains and provides information about recipient
objects to the clients.
EMSABP32.DLL file maintains this service, this part of the Exchange
Trans. Drive.
Contains a local copy of the server-based global address list.
.pab Contacts folder on the Outlook address book instead of the local
.pab files to maintain your personal e-mail address and information.
FINISH THIS IS
BORING**********
Chapter 10:
MAPI-Based Clients in a Novell NetWare Environment
· NWLink
· NW-Link IPX/SPX Compatible Transport
· Remove Novell Client and put information Microsoft Client for RPC.
· Outlook does support SPX but, Exchange does not.
SPX and part of the IPX/SPX protocol, is similar to TCP in that it
provides a transport-level communication mechanism between
systems.
Frame TypesBy default, frame types are detected automatically; however if you
experience communication problems, disabling automatic frame
type detection is a good idea. Frame type is important and must be
correct.
When manually configuring frame types, you will also need to
specify the corresponding external network number with each frame
type added.
Windows 2000 typically detects the external network number
Automatically, but you must adjust it manually if you use
multiple frame types or network adapters.
Setting
the Internal Network Number:
The internal Network number identifies every NetWare Server
and possibly every computer running Windows 2000 Server.
It must not be 0 if the Windows 2000 computer is supposed to
provide any services to NetWare clients or if it is used to
route IPX in the network.
GSNW GSNW is an additional service that enables Windows 2000 Server
To access resources on NetWare servers. Installing GSNW allows
You to access NetWare resources from the Exchange 2000 Server.
Windows 2000 Server connects to NetWare Servers on behalf of the
special NetWare account that must be the member of a special
NetWare group called NTGATEWAY.
SAP To ensure a NetWare workstation can locate the computer running
Windows 2000 Server, you must be the SAP agent on the server
in addition to the GSNW.
NDS Novell NetWare systems rely on NDS or legacy Bindery for account
Management.
You need to set-up the account and to be the member of the
“NT Gateway Group”.
Left
Off here, since we got a review sheet for the Exam
from Mr. B.
Chapter 13:
Creating and Managing Recipients
Recipient Are user accounts, contacts and groups in Active Directory.
Are user account objects with associated mail box information.
The mail-enabled object is in possession of the e-mail addresses but
isn’t associated with the Exchange Mail box.
Launch Active Directory Users and Computers, and expand the
Console tree for BlueSky Airlines, right-click the container, New etc.
Clear the mail box check box.
You should mail enable Universal Groups.
Instead of delivering the message address to 1000 recipients, it is
Delivered to one of them.
You can set limits for the users.
%g.% Adjusts default Policy settings.
LDIFDE.EXE
Command-line utility supports batch operations on LDAP Direct
Interface format LDIF file.
NOTE: Exchange System Manager can change to Native Mode, but Active
Directory Users and Computers leave as Mixed Mode.
Chapter 14:
Managing Server Configuration
RPC The Exchange Server needs RPC to communicate.
E00.chk An important file in MDBDATA Directory. Do not delete.
MDBDATA Directory where all the E-Mails are stored.
· By default, Exchange Server supports attributes-based searches
for messages and documents.
· Works well, but can eat up to 20% of resources.
· F5 refreshes.
Crawling/idle when it is processing.
Logs Should only have 4 lines, if full then you know you have problems.
\Program
Files\Exchsrvr\Exchange Server<
Administrative and Routing Groups
· Logically, or independent of the physical network, you can group servers
for purposes of structuring administration.
· Can delegate control.
· Hard to move mailbox, have good plan so you don’t have to make this decision.
But, you can ADSI Edit if you really need to move mailboxes.
· Administrative Group names can be up to 64 characters long.
· Administrative Groups are hidden, are not displayed.
· Physically, define areas of high network bandwidth where direct message delivery is possible.
ANR Ambiguous Name Resolution. It allows the user to simply enter the
Principal User Name in the To line and let the client to perform the name
resolution when sending the message.
· By default Exchange 2000 Server relies on SMTP
· Anonymous access to the local SMTP service is generally allowed.
Configuring
Add SMTP Virtual Servers
Each Virtual server must use the unique TCP socket (IP address and TCP
Port number).
· \Program Files\Exchsrvr\Mailroot
· Use MetaEdit to move a virtual Server.
Optimize
Outbound Connections
· Per domain, 100 concurrent connections are allowed by default.
· By default, Exchange 2000 Server uses DNS to locate remote SMTP hosts.
· TCP uses SMTP by default.
Telnet Set LOCAL_ECHO
Mail from:
Rcpt to:
.tmp \Exchsrvr\mailroo\Vs1\Filter
The next one is called VS2 etc.
Chapter 16:
Message Routing Administration
Connectors
Are used between multiple routing groups.
Routing groups
· Is a collection of Exchange 2000 Servers that typically share a
Permanent, reliable, high-bandwidth network connection.
· Maximum 20 machines/ routing group.
· NOTE: Administrative and routing groups are NOT the same.
· Multiple Routing Groups enable you to minimize the consumption of network bandwidth.
· Messaging connectors between routing groups can also help minimize transfer costs.
NOTE: It is possible to place all servers in one administrative group in global administration but
still maintain multiple routing groups for optimized message transfer.
Default is 1st routing , unless you have checked off in the General tab to
Blue sky airlines.
NDR Non delivery report. When an E-mail is undeliverable.
Routing Group Connector
· RGC is the easiest connector to install and more powerful than the
others.
· Multiple bridgeheads can guarantee message delivery even if a part of the server is shut down.
· Connectors can only go one way.
NetBIOS Used for backwards compatibility.
SMTP Connectors
Primarily used to connect Exchange 2000 Server to foreign
SMTS systems, such as SMTP hosts on the Internet or other Exchange
2000 organizations.
TURN/ATRN/ETRN
To request mail from the queue on a remote SMTP Virtual Server.
X.25 Can communicate with X.400 X.25 needs PAD and other hardware.
X.400
· Use in low-bandwidth the new link.
· Complex connector for Exchange 2000 Server
· Both ends must be using X.400 for this to work.
GWART For message routing.
Cost of Connection
1-100 cost range lowest value is used as the priority.
OSPF Uses TCP port 691.
LST
Connector. The LST is stored in RAM, not on the hard drive.