My Research to
Date
My post-dissertation work has consisted of a set of connected investigations centred around the interpretation of quantum mechanics. This issue concerns the question of what, if anything, we can infer about the way the world is from the unquestioned empirical success of quantum mechanics. There are a number of disparate approaches to this issue, and one attitude that has been taken is that a choice between interpretative programmes is ultimately a matter of taste. I believe that this attitude stems from too narrow a construal of the way in which empirical considerations can bear on physical theories; there seems to be a prevailing attitude—sometimes explicit, sometimes not—that all options not conclusively ruled out by experiment are on a par evidentially.
One way that evidential concerns
can be brought into play is via investigations of compatibility with relativity
theory. The fact of quantum
nonlocality has been thought by some to show that no interpretation of quantum
mechanics can be compatible with relativity theory; I have argued, in two
papers, “On Peaceful Coexistence,” and “Relativistic Quantum
Becoming,”
that such a conclusion is premature.
My paper, “On Some Early
Objections to Bohm’s Theory,” is also addressed, in part, to the notion that
there are no rational reasons to prefer one interpretation of quantum mechanics
over another. There is a prevalent
myth that Bohm’s hidden-variables interpretation was either ignored by the
physics community at the time of its proposal or met only with ridicule; this
myth tends to reinforce the notion that there can be no cogent argumentation
comparing interpretational programmes. My
motives in writing this paper were partly to set the historical record straight,
but also in part to consider the bearing of the arguments raised at the time on
current debates. It turns out that
certain aspects of these arguments have only recently been given precise form;
my Physics Letters A paper
is an
extension of some recent work relevant to these 50-year-old debates.
The Foundations of Physics paper shows how the violation of relativity
exhibited by the Bohm theory must also be shared by a wide class of
interpretations of quantum mechanics.
My work on confirmation theory,
consisting of the joint PSA paper with Harper, and “A Bayesian Account of the
Virtue of Unification,” may seem, prima facie, to be distantly
connected with the other work. However,
I believe that much of the discussion of the foundations of quantum mechanics is
hampered by too narrow a construal of the bearing of empirical considerations on
matters of theory, and it is important for such discussions to get clear about
the nature of the relation of empirical evidence to theory.
For example, on the Bayesian approach to scientific inference, it is not
possible to hold that all theories compatible with a body of evidence are
equally well supported by it, and in my paper, “A Bayesian Account of the
Virtue of Unification,” I demonstrate that what has often been regarded as a
merely aesthetic virtue of a theory—namely, the ability of the theory to unify
disparate phenomena—must, on a Bayesian approach to scientific inference, be
regarded as contributing to the evidential support lent to the theory by the
phenomena. The collaboration
with Harper also concerns the extent to which a virtue often regarded as
aesthetic, namely, simplicity, can be regarded as having epistemic import.
I am currently working on a
collaborative project with Antony
Valentini of the Perimeter
Institute for Theoretical Physics, investigating the ways in which Lucien
Hardy’s axioms for quantum theory break down in the context of de
Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave theory with non-equilibrium distributions of particle
positions. It is hoped that this
investigation will yield insight into the physical significance of these axioms.
I am also engaged in a
collaborative project with William L. Harper, tentatively entitled “Why
Bayesians should countenance objective chance,” addressed at those Bayesians
who hold that all probabilities are epistemic. This paper, or a sequel, will argue that physicists who
approach quantum-mechanics from the point of view of information theory should
nevertheless regarded quantum probabilities as objective chances rather than
subjective degrees of belief.
A third project, near
completion, is a sequel to my Philosophy
of Science paper, “A Bayesian Account of the Virtue of Unification,”
which will be more accessible to a wide philosophical audience, and also compare
my views to what other philosophers have said about unification.